Is Cod Liver Oil Good for Breastfeeding Mothers?

Posted on May 23, 2026

Introduction
What Exactly Is Cod Liver Oil?
The Role of DHA in Baby’s Development
Supporting Your Own Postpartum Wellness
Understanding the Vitamin A and D Balance
Is Cod Liver Oil Safe While Breastfeeding?
How to Choose a High-Quality Supplement
Practical Ways to Support Your Nutrition
Alternatives to Cod Liver Oil
Supporting Your Milk Supply Holistically
When to Talk to a Lactation Consultant
Conclusion
FAQ

Introduction

Cod liver oil can be a helpful option for many breastfeeding mothers when taken in recommended amounts. However, it is not automatically the best choice for everyone because vitamin A intake and product quality matter significantly. At Milky Mama, we want to help you decide if this traditional supplement is the right fit for your body and your baby. For extra guidance, our breastfeeding help page and Which Lactation Supplement is Best? guide can help you navigate these nutritional choices.

Quick Summary:

Cod liver oil provides essential DHA for baby’s brain and eye development.

High levels of Vitamin A (retinol) mean you must balance it with other supplements.

Third-party testing is crucial to ensure the oil is free from heavy metals.

Algal oil and standard fish oil are effective alternatives for those avoiding Vitamin A or animal products.

Consulting an IBCLC or doctor helps determine the right dosage for your specific needs.

What Exactly Is Cod Liver Oil?

Cod liver oil is a specific type of fish oil supplement. While regular fish oil is typically pressed from the flesh of oily fish like salmon, mackerel, or sardines, cod liver oil is extracted specifically from the liver of the cod fish. This distinction is important because the liver is a storage organ for certain fat-soluble vitamins.

Because it comes from the liver, this oil provides more than just the essential fatty acids found in other fish oils. It is naturally rich in Vitamin A and Vitamin D. These vitamins are fat-soluble, meaning they are stored in the body's fat tissues and the liver. When you take cod liver oil, you are getting a combination of these vitamins alongside the highly sought-after Omega-3 fatty acids.

Omega-3s consist of two primary types: DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) and EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid). DHA is a structural component of the human brain and retina. EPA is often associated with heart health and reducing inflammation in the body. For a breastfeeding mother, these fatty acids are transferred through breast milk to support the baby's rapid growth.

The Role of DHA in Baby’s Development

One of the most compelling reasons parents consider cod liver oil is the DHA content. DHA is an essential fatty acid, meaning your body cannot make it on its own; you must get it through your diet. During the first year of life, a baby’s brain grows at an incredible rate. DHA is a major building block of the brain and the eyes.

When you consume cod liver oil, the levels of DHA in your breast milk typically increase. This ensures that your baby receives a steady supply of this "brain food." Studies have shown that adequate DHA intake during infancy is linked to better visual acuity and cognitive development. It may also support the development of the nervous system, helping with coordination and reach.

The amount of DHA in your milk is directly related to your recent intake. If your diet is low in fatty fish, your milk levels may be lower as well. Supplementing can be an effective way to bridge that gap, ensuring your baby gets what they need without you having to eat sardines every single day.

Supporting Your Own Postpartum Wellness

Breastfeeding is a physically demanding process. It requires extra calories and a high intake of specific vitamins to keep both you and your baby healthy. Cod liver oil can offer several benefits for the nursing parent that go beyond just milk composition.

Mood Support and Mental Health

The "baby blues" and postpartum depression are serious concerns for many new parents. Research suggests that Omega-3 fatty acids, particularly the EPA found in cod liver oil, may help regulate mood. These fats are involved in the function of serotonin, a chemical in the brain that helps stabilize your mood and creates a sense of well-being.

"Keeping your Omega-3 levels stable may help support your emotional resilience during the postpartum period."

Inflammation and Physical Recovery

Whether you had a vaginal birth or a C-section, your body has a lot of healing to do. EPA and DHA are known for their ability to reduce inflammation. This can be helpful for tissue repair and managing the general aches and pains that come with carrying a growing infant. Lowering systemic inflammation can also support your immune system, making it easier for your body to fight off common colds or infections.

Bone Health and Vitamin D

Vitamin D is essential for calcium absorption. Many adults in the US are deficient in Vitamin D, especially during the winter months or in northern climates. While breastfeeding, your body works hard to ensure your baby gets enough calcium for their bone development. If your Vitamin D levels are low, it can impact your own bone density over time. Cod liver oil provides a natural source of Vitamin D to help keep your bones strong while you provide for your little one.

Key Takeaway: Cod liver oil supports baby’s brain development through DHA transfer while helping the mother manage inflammation and mood stability through EPA and Vitamin D.

Understanding the Vitamin A and D Balance

While the vitamins in cod liver oil are beneficial, they also require some caution. Unlike Vitamin C, which is water-soluble, Vitamins A and D are fat-soluble. This means they can build up in your system if taken in very high amounts.

The Vitamin A Question

Cod liver oil contains preformed Vitamin A, also known as retinol. This is different from the beta-carotene found in carrots. While Vitamin A is necessary for healthy vision and immune function, too much retinol can be toxic. For breastfeeding mothers, the recommended daily allowance (RDA) for Vitamin A is generally around 1,200 to 1,300 micrograms (mcg).

Most high-quality cod liver oil supplements are processed to ensure the Vitamin A levels are within a safe range. However, it is vital to check the label. If you are already taking a prenatal vitamin that contains a high amount of Vitamin A, adding a high-dose cod liver oil supplement could push you over the safe limit.

Note: Because cod liver oil contains preformed vitamin A, be sure to check your prenatal supplement labels. Avoid stacking multiple sources that could push your total daily intake beyond the recommended limits.

Vitamin D for the Breastfed Infant

Breast milk is often naturally low in Vitamin D. Because of this, many pediatricians recommend that breastfed infants receive a Vitamin D supplement starting shortly after birth. When a mother takes a high-quality cod liver oil supplement, she increases the Vitamin D content of her milk, but it may still not be enough to meet the baby's full requirement.

We always recommend discussing Vitamin D levels with your healthcare provider. They can help you determine if you should supplement yourself, your baby, or both. For many families, a combination of maternal nutrition and infant drops provides the best protection against rickets and other bone-related issues.

Is Cod Liver Oil Safe While Breastfeeding?

For most breastfeeding mothers, cod liver oil is considered safe when taken in recommended dosages. However, there are a few specific things to watch out for to ensure you are making the healthiest choice for your family.

First, consider the source. Livers are "filter" organs, meaning they can accumulate environmental toxins like heavy metals (mercury) or PCBs. This is why you should never just grab the cheapest bottle on the shelf. Look for brands that use "molecular distillation." This is a process that removes impurities and ensures the oil is pure and safe for consumption.

Warning: Only use cod liver oil that has undergone molecular distillation or third-party purity testing to ensure it is free of heavy metals. Additionally, because Omega-3s can have a mild blood-thinning effect, consult your doctor if you are on anticoagulant medications or have a planned surgery.

Second, watch for digestive upset. Some people find that fish oils can cause "fishy burps," nausea, or loose stools. To minimize this, we suggest taking your supplement with a meal. This helps with absorption and reduces the likelihood of an upset stomach. Some modern oils also come with natural lemon or mint flavors to make them more palatable.

How to Choose a High-Quality Supplement

If you decide that cod liver oil is right for you, the next step is finding a product you can trust. Our lactation supplements collection is a good place to compare options.

Purity Testing: Look for a "COA" (Certificate of Analysis) or third-party testing stamps like IFOS (International Fish Oil Standards). This ensures the product has been tested for mercury, lead, and other contaminants.
DHA and EPA Content: Don't just look at the total "Fish Oil" milligrams. Look for the specific breakdown of DHA and EPA. For breastfeeding, a supplement providing at least 200–300 mg DHA is often recommended.
Vitamin Levels: Ensure the Vitamin A and D levels are clearly listed. Avoid products that have "excessive" amounts that exceed the RDA for lactating women.
Freshness: Fish oil can go rancid if exposed to heat or light. Choose a brand that uses dark glass bottles or opaque capsules and store them in a cool, dark place.
Sustainability: Look for oils sourced from sustainable fisheries, such as those certified by the Marine Stewardship Council (MSC).

Practical Ways to Support Your Nutrition

While supplements like cod liver oil can be helpful, they work best when part of a balanced approach to maternal wellness. Your body needs a variety of nutrients to produce milk and maintain your energy.

We recommend focusing on hydration as your foundation. Our Pumpin Punch™ or Milky Melon™ lactation drinks are excellent ways to stay hydrated while also getting a boost of lactation-supporting ingredients.

If you are looking for a snack that provides nourishment and supports supply, our Emergency Brownies are a favorite among our community. They are packed with oats, flaxseed, and brewer’s yeast. Flaxseed, in particular, provides a plant-based form of Omega-3 called ALA, which complements the DHA found in cod liver oil.

Step 1: Check your prenatal labels Review your current supplements to see how much Vitamin A and D you are already consuming.

Step 2: Look for tested supplements Select a brand that features third-party testing or molecular distillation for purity.

Step 3: Start with a half-dose Take a smaller amount for the first few days to ensure the supplement doesn't cause digestive upset.

Step 4: Confirm dosage with a provider/IBCLC Consult with your healthcare provider or a lactation expert to confirm the right dosage for your specific health needs.

Alternatives to Cod Liver Oil

If the taste or the Vitamin A content of cod liver oil doesn't fit your needs, consider these alternatives:

Option	Main Benefit	Vitamin A?	Considerations
Standard Fish Oil	DHA & EPA	No	Safer if your prenatal is already high in Vitamin A.
Algal Oil	DHA	No	Vegan-friendly; primary source of Omega-3s.
Whole Food Sources	Omega-3s & Protein	Natural levels	Hard to eat enough fish consistently.

Related: What Should I Eat While Breastfeeding?

Supporting Your Milk Supply Holistically

Nutrition is a huge piece of the breastfeeding puzzle, but it isn't the only one. At Milky Mama, we focus on the whole person. This means managing stress and using supportive tools when needed.

If your supply needs an extra boost, we offer a range of herbal supplements. Products like our Pumping Queen™ or Liquid Gold™ are designed to support lactation through evidence-based herbal ingredients. These work beautifully alongside a nutrient-dense diet that includes healthy fats like those found in cod liver oil.

When to Talk to a Lactation Consultant

If you are struggling with supply, latching, or feeling overwhelmed by nutritional advice, reaching out to a professional is the best step you can take. A Certified Lactation Consultant (IBCLC) can look at your specific situation and help you create a plan that works for your body and your baby.

We offer Breastfeeding 101 to make this support accessible from the comfort of your own home. Having clinical expertise on your side can change your entire breastfeeding experience.

Conclusion

Cod liver oil can be a beneficial addition to your breastfeeding routine, offering essential DHA for your baby’s development and Vitamin D and EPA for your own wellness. Because it contains preformed Vitamin A, you must be mindful of your total daily intake from all supplements. Choosing a high-quality, third-party tested product is the best way to ensure safety for you and your little one.

DHA is vital for your baby's brain and eye development.
EPA and Vitamin D support maternal mood and bone health.
Molecular distillation is key to avoiding heavy metal contamination.
Consult your doctor if you are on blood thinners or taking high-dose multivitamins.

Every step you take toward better nutrition supports a healthier future for both you and your baby. Explore our educational resources and lactation-supportive products at Milky Mama for more guidance.

This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. Consult with your healthcare provider for medical advice.

FAQ

Does cod liver oil increase milk supply?

While cod liver oil is excellent for the nutritional quality of your milk, there is no direct evidence that it increases the volume of milk produced. To support milk volume, we recommend staying hydrated with products like Pumpin Punch™ and focusing on frequent milk removal. Our How to Pump to Boost Milk Supply guide expands on those basics.

Can I take cod liver oil and a prenatal vitamin at the same time?

It depends on the amount of Vitamin A and D in your prenatal vitamin. Since cod liver oil is naturally high in these fat-soluble vitamins, taking both could lead to an intake that exceeds the recommended daily limit. Always check your labels and consult your healthcare provider. If you want a deeper dive, our How to Dose Your Supplements to Increase Milk Supply guide is a helpful reference.

Will cod liver oil make my breast milk taste fishy?

In most cases, no. High-quality, fresh cod liver oil supplements are unlikely to change the flavor of your milk significantly. However, if the oil is rancid, it could potentially affect the taste or cause digestive upset for both you and your baby. Always store your oil in a cool, dark place to maintain freshness.

Is it better to take fish oil or cod liver oil while breastfeeding?

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Is Cod Liver Oil Good for Breastfeeding Mothers?

Table of Contents

Introduction

What Exactly Is Cod Liver Oil?

The Role of DHA in Baby’s Development